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Psychology

Clinical Psychologist

Salary, job outlook, education and requirements

Assess, diagnose, and treat mental and emotional disorders of individuals through observation, interview, and psychological tests. Help individuals with distress or maladjustment understand their problems through their knowledge of case history, interviews with patients, and theory. Provide individual or group counseling services to assist individuals in achieving more effective personal, social, educational, and vocational development and adjustment. May design behavior modification programs and consult with medical personnel regarding the best treatment for patients.

Also called: Case Manager · Clinical Psychologist · Counseling Psychologist · Counselor · LPC (Licensed Professional Counselor) · Licensed Clinical Psychologist · Licensed Psychologist · Psychologist

O*NET-SOC 19-3033.00 (Clinical and Counseling Psychologists)

National median pay
$100,580
$48.36 per hour · 2025 data
Projected growth
12%
2025-2035, United States
Openings per year
4,100
Projected annual job openings
Typical education
Doctoral or professional degree
Experience: No work experience

Clinical Psychologist salary

Wages for clinical and counseling psychologists across all employers, 2025 data. The 10th percentile is typical entry-level pay; the 90th percentile reflects the most experienced and highest-paid workers.

10th percentile
$55,170
per year
25th percentile
$73,210
per year
Median
$100,580
per year
75th percentile
$135,200
per year
90th percentile
$180,960
per year

National median hourly wage: $48.36.

Clinical Psychologist pay by state

Ten largest states by population, annual wages.

State10th percentileMedian90th percentile
California$62,900$116,000$188,050
Texas$59,490$83,660$136,360
Florida$55,480$85,610$259,990
New York$64,980$114,400$204,540
Pennsylvania$61,340$91,870$175,410
Illinois$36,580$83,750$168,730
Ohio$39,640$101,190$161,580
Georgia$45,310$96,060$179,850
North Carolina$52,890$92,130$213,160
Michigan$61,290$84,730$134,980

Clinical Psychologist job outlook

  • Employment is projected to go from 81,300 jobs in 2025 to 90,900 in 2035 (12% change).
  • About 4,100 openings are projected each year, including jobs that open up as workers retire or change occupations.
  • CareerOneStop outlook rating: Bright (Rapid Growth).

How to become a clinical psychologist

Typical entry education
Doctoral or professional degree
Work experience
No work experience
On-the-job training
Internship/residency

Education level of current workers

  • Bachelor's degree5.9%
  • Master's degree12.8%
  • Doctoral or professional degree81.3%

Related training programs

  • Applied Behavior Analysis
  • Clinical Child Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Counseling Psychology
  • Developmental and Child Psychology
  • Family Psychology
  • Geropsychology
  • Health/Medical Psychology
  • Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy
  • Psychology, General

What does a clinical psychologist do?

Common tasks

  • Conduct assessments of patients' risk for harm to self or others.
  • Document patient information including session notes, progress notes, recommendations, and treatment plans.
  • Identify psychological, emotional, or behavioral issues and diagnose disorders, using information obtained from interviews, tests, records, or reference materials.
  • Write reports on clients and maintain required paperwork.
  • Counsel individuals, groups, or families to help them understand problems, deal with crisis situations, define goals, and develop realistic action plans.
  • Interact with clients to assist them in gaining insight, defining goals, and planning action to achieve effective personal, social, educational, or vocational development and adjustment.
  • Collect information about individuals or clients, using interviews, case histories, observational techniques, and other assessment methods.
  • Evaluate the effectiveness of counseling or treatments and the accuracy and completeness of diagnoses, modifying plans or diagnoses as necessary.
  • Use a variety of treatment methods, such as psychotherapy, hypnosis, behavior modification, stress reduction therapy, psychodrama, or play therapy.
  • Develop therapeutic and treatment plans based on clients' interests, abilities, or needs.

Most important skills

Reading Comprehension
Reading work-related information.
Social Perceptiveness
Understanding people's reactions.
Critical Thinking
Thinking about the pros and cons of different ways to solve a problem.
Active Listening
Listening to others, not interrupting, and asking good questions.
Writing
Writing things for co-workers or customers.
Speaking
Talking to others.
Active Learning
Figuring out how to use new ideas or things.
Service Orientation
Looking for ways to help people.

Clinical Psychologist certifications

8 of 29 certifications CareerOneStop maps to this occupation. Requirements vary by employer and state.

See all 29certifications in CareerOneStop's Certification Finder

Clinical Psychologist jobs

Current federal openings from USAJOBS. For more psychology jobs, including private-sector listings, see the Psychology jobs hub.

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Job data from USAJOBS.gov. Careers.org is not affiliated with or endorsed by OPM.

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This page includes information from CareerOneStop, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (DOLETA), and the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development (DEED).

Source: CareerOneStop occupation profile for Clinical and Counseling Psychologists. Wages are from the BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics program; projections are national long-term projections.